Posted by:
Tevai
(
)
Date: August 02, 2015 11:57AM
The issues raised by amyjo in the original thread, which was very near its cut-off point, were too complex for me to answer there. The quote below is from amyjo in that thread:
>That's interesting about the Humanistic synagogues in >America. I wonder how they're perceived in Israel by the >Knesset for purposes of Aliyah?
The underlying point that everyone needs to keep in mind in this discussion is that immigration to Israel (most especially under "The Law Of Return," which says that any Jew in the world has a right to Israeli citizenship on demand, with some very limited exceptions), and LIVING in Israel with the normal things and rights that people expect when they live in a country---rights to get married and have that marriage recognized...rights to be buried where they want to be buried and where their family members are buried...rights to get divorced, etc., etc., etc.,---are TWO V-E-R-Y DIFFERENT THINGS IN ISRAEL!!! (There is even a program called "Brithright Israel," which arranges for FREE trips to Israel for non-Israeli Jews who want to go, and for this program converts to Judaism CAN go to Israel for a couple of weeks at no cost to them, and no one has to be Orthodox, because any valid conversion-to-Judaism, under any Jewish movement, qualifies you as a Jew for the purposes of "Birthright Israel.")
Immigration to Israel, and whether one can or can not demand Israeli citizenship as a result of their Jewishness, is a function of the Israeli GOVERNMENT, and is relatively "easy" and straight-forward: If you are a valid convert to Judaism (i.e., the rabbis who converted you are genuine Jewish rabbis in their relevant countries, and especially if you fulfilled the three requirements of Jewish conversion (circumcision or symbolic circumcision for males...mikvah (ritual bath)...and Bet Din, which is appearance before a board of three rabbis and those rabbis accepting you as a genuine convert), then you can demand and receive Israeli citizenship with few or no problems. Again: this is a GOVERNMENT function.
All the rest, however (marriage, divorce, adoption, burial, etc.) is a function of the Israeli RELIGIOUS establishment, which is very highly uber Orthodox, and so...
...you can be an Israeli CITIZEN, with your ID card saying that you are JEWISH...but then not be able to get married, or divorced, or get buried in a Jewish cemetery, because TO THE Israeli RELIGIOUS establishment, you are NOT a Jew (and all of these things are the province, in Israel, of the Israeli RELIGIOUS establishment---it was given to them in the beginning of Israeli nationhood (1948) to get the religious Jews POLITICALLY working on the side of the government...and this Band-Aid, intended more-or-less "temporary" stratagem is STILL IN PLACE, much stronger than it was in the days of early Israeli nationhood.
The only rabbis recognized officially in Israel as "rabbis" are those approved by the Israeli Chief Rabbinate (a GOVERNMENT office, and there are in actuality TWO "Chief Rabbinates," but it doesn't matter here because both of them are united on any issues discussed in this thread). This means Orthodox rabbis, and in particular, it means Orthodox rabbis whose smicha (the conferring of the status of rabbi) is recognized by the Israeli Chief Rabbinate.
So...a given person may be a rabbi in the United States or Canada, etc. (they went through rabbinical school, they received smicha from the relevant Jewish movement, they legally function under American law as rabbis, etc., but if they move to Israel, they are NOT rabbis. There is NO "Reform is barely recognized [in Israel], and the Conservative maybe somewhat more than the Reform," neither of them are recognized any more than a Southern Baptist or Lutheran or Catholic priest is, when it comes to Jewish law (which governs all of we would call "civil matters" in Israel: marriage, divorce, adoption, burial, etc.).
It is incorrect to say that "if one were to convert to Christianity or Islam, then they're banned from their own country..." this just does NOT happen. There ARE Israeli citizen Jews who "convert to Christianity or Islam," often because they marry Christians or Muslims, and they remain citizens of Israel (with Israeli passports, etc.). They may or may not have family acceptance problems, they will certainly have difficulties with civil law issues, but this has NOTHING to do with them being "banned from Israel" because this DOES NOT HAPPEN. (The general work-arounds are: you go out of the country, like fly to Cyprus, to get married...you get buried in a Non-Jewish cemetery, etc.)
Also, there are two trends, both of which conflict with each other, happening simultaneously in Israel (increasingly...and this has been going on for many decades now):
The ultra-religious Jews are getting more and more "ultra," which is expressed most alarmingly in both their power within the Israeli government (the Knesset, etc.) and also in their insistence on "daily life" standards (how women who are physically in, or passing through, their neighborhoods dress, etc.). The "ultras" assume that THEY are the "true Jews," and they are out to get everyone else to adhere to THEIR standards, which is NOT working well overall because...
...Israel overall is secularizing at an amazing (almost unbelievable to me) rate. PLENTY of "Orthodox" Israeli Jews are what would be considered, by our standards, Orthodox In Name Only (or when there is a family death, etc., and they have to conform to Orthodox standards for the duration, etc.).
Which means that there is an intense internal struggle between the ultra-ultras and the secular Jews, and this struggle is intensifying with every new day. It is apparent on the streets, and it is apparent with each new government election, and it is apparent on BILLBOARDS (there is beginning to be a total ban on females being pictured in anything which is visible to the public, including newspaper NEWS photos), it is apparent in radio and TV ads (there is beginning to be a ban on women's voices being heard in anything which is available to the public), it is apparent in local public schools, and so on, and so on...
Both sides are getting ever stronger at their different poles, and I don't know what the outcome is likely to be (and neither does anyone else).
The bottom line is: the only "rabbis" that legally exist in Israel are those approved by the Israeli Chief Rabbinate (which is a GOVERNMENT office).
If American rabbis (from any Jewish movement other than accepted-by-the-Israeli-government as Orthodox) move to Israel to retire there, etc., they are NOT [legally] "rabbis" any more (even if they might be addressed as such as a social courtesy).
In Israel, humanist Jews are no different from Conservative or Reform or Reconstructionist Jews...since none of them (except for the provisions of the Law of Return) "exist."
They all, equally, "NON-exist." ;)
Edited 9 time(s). Last edit at 08/02/2015 02:17PM by tevai.